What to Do if You Encounter a Bear: Safety Tips for the Outdoors

If you spend time hiking, fishing, or camping in the wild, you’ve probably wondered what to do if you encounter a bear. A bear sighting can go from awe-inspiring to dangerous in a matter of seconds, unless you know how to react. Whether you're deep in the woods or just off the trail, being prepared for a bear encounter is essential to staying safe in the outdoors.

Here’s a breakdown of what to do if you see a bear in the wild and how to avoid turning a peaceful moment into a risky one.

1. Stay Calm and Don’t Run

The number one rule when it comes to what to do if you encounter a bear is to stay calm. Do not run. Bears are incredibly fast and may see running as prey behavior, triggering them to chase.

Instead, stand your ground. Speak softly in a low tone to show you’re human, and avoid sudden movements. Staying still may feel unnatural, but it often discourages the bear from approaching.

2. Try to Identify the Bear

If you can safely observe from a distance, try to determine whether it’s a black bear or a grizzly (brown) bear. Their behavior and body language can affect your next move. For example:

• Black bears are often more timid and may climb trees or retreat if unprovoked.

• Grizzlies are more likely to defend cubs or territory and can be more aggressive.

Still, the basic rules for what to do if you encounter a bear remain the same: stay calm, avoid eye contact, and do not run.

3. Back Away Slowly Without Turning Your Back

Begin to slowly back away, keeping your eyes on the bear without making direct eye contact. Do not turn your back or crouch down. If the bear moves toward you, stop and hold your position.

Give the bear space and time to retreat. Most wild bears don’t want conflict—they're usually just as surprised to see you.

4. If the Bear Approaches Closely, Stand Your Ground

In rare cases where the bear continues to approach, you may need to make yourself look larger by raising your arms or backpack. Speak in a firm, calm voice. Still, do not run or throw food.

This step is one of the most important parts of knowing what to do if you encounter a bear up close. Running invites pursuit, while standing your ground can deter interest.

5. Use Bear Spray if Necessary

If you’re in bear country, always carry bear spray and keep it easily accessible. If the bear charges and gets too close (within about 30 feet), use the spray according to instructions.

Bear spray is highly effective in deterring both black bears and grizzlies when used properly.

6. After the Encounter: Leave the Area Calmly

Once the bear leaves or the situation de-escalates, calmly and quietly leave the area. Avoid lingering or taking photos—it’s best to report the encounter to local park or wildlife authorities so they can monitor bear activity.

Knowing what to do if you encounter a bear isn’t just useful—it could save your life. With more people heading outdoors for hiking, camping, and fishing, bear encounters are increasingly common. The key is preparation: stay calm, give the bear space, and carry bear spray just in case.

Whether you’re deep in the backcountry or enjoying a weekend trail, a little bear safety knowledge goes a long way in keeping your outdoor adventures safe and enjoyable.

what to do if you encounter a bear